TINJAUAN MAQASID HUKUM PERKAWINAN ISLAM TERHADAP SYARAT POLIGAMI DALAM KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA

Ghifari Fajar Anugerah; Ahmad Izzuddin; Kasuwi Saiban

doi:10.24260/al-maslahah.v20i2.2861

TINJAUAN MAQASID HUKUM PERKAWINAN ISLAM TERHADAP SYARAT POLIGAMI DALAM KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA

Ghifari Fajar Anugerah, Ahmad Izzuddin, Kasuwi Saiban

Abstract

Polygamy in the history of Islamic civilization represents one of the most crucial issues in sexual relations and continues to attract attention among Islamic scholars, particularly feminist thinkers. The debate surrounding polygamy is not only related to textual interpretation but also to its social implications and questions of gender justice, which have prompted Muslim-majority countries, including Indonesia, to establish specific regulations. In Indonesia, polygamy is regulated under Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage, Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975, and more comprehensively within the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). The KHI outlines several conditions that must be fulfilled, including court authorization, the consent of the existing wife, and the husband’s ability to ensure financial support and justice. This study aims to examine the conformity of these requirements with the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah in the domain of family law, namely the objectives of Islamic law oriented toward justice and public welfare (maṣlaḥah). The research employs a library-based method by analyzing the regulation of polygamy in Indonesian marriage law and comparing it with the principles of the maqāṣid of Islamic marriage law. The findings indicate that the regulation of polygamy in the KHI encompasses the overall objectives of Islamic marriage law as articulated by Jamaluddin Athiyah. These objectives include maintaining harmonious relations between men and women, safeguarding and preserving lineage, fostering families built on sakīnah (tranquility), mawaddah (affection), and raḥmah (compassion), ensuring the clarity of descent, strengthening religiosity within the family, regulating harmonious familial relations, and guaranteeing financial stability. Thus, the stipulations regarding polygamy in the KHI are not designed to promote the practice widely, but rather serve as a restrictive mechanism intended to protect welfare and prevent harm within the institution of marriage.

Keywords

Kompilasi Hukum Islam

Full Text:

PDF

References

Afandi, Moh, Ahmad Agus Ramdlany, Nilna Fauza, Siti Khoirotul Ula, dan Mohammad Farah Ubaidillah. “Authority, Culture, and Sexuality in the Polygamy of Madurese Ulamas.” AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 24, no. 1 (2024): 1–16.

Ansor, Muhammad. “Berbagi Suami Atas Nama Tuhan: Pengalaman Keseharian Perempuan Dipoligami Di Langsa.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 14, no. 1 (2014): 41–63. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v14i1.41-63.

Aqil, Izan Syarifurrohman. “Pengetatan Poligami Di Indonesia Perspektif Maqashid Syariah Dan Hukum Positif.” Maddika : Journal of Islamic Family Law 4, no. 2 (2023): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.24256/maddika.v4i2.3994.

Athiyah, Jamaludin. Nahwi Ta’fili fil Maqasid Syari’ah. Dar al-Fikr, 2003.

Azhar, Azhar. “Islamic Law Reform in Indonesia from the Perspective of Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah: Kerinci’s Intellectual Views.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 8, no. 2 (2024): 750–69. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i2.15051.

Budiman, Iskandar. “The Islamic Perspective on The Improvement of Family Economy in The New Normal.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 5, no. 1 (2021): 252–75. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v5i1.8389.

Chakim, Mohammad Lukman, dan Muhammad Habib Adi Putra. “Dialektika Poligami Dengan Feminisme : Analisis Maqasid Syariah Terhadap Poligami Menurut Ulama Klasik Dan Feminisme.” Al-Syakhsiyyah: Journal of Law and Family Studies 4, no. 1 (2022): 130–130. https://doi.org/10.21154/syakhsiyyah.v4i1.4683.

Dalimunthe, Aldi Wijaya. “Maqasid Syariah Dalam Pandangan Jamaluddin Athiyah Muhammad.” Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Law 1, no. 2 (2024): 112–29. https://doi.org/10.54622/ijsl.v1i2.272.

Diantha Pasek, I Made. Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Prenada Media Group, 2016.

Fahmi, Muhammad Nurul, Muhammad Yassir, dan Abdi Zulfantri. “Prosedur Dan Syarat Poligami Di Indonesia Perspektif Maqashid Syariah.” Al-Majaalis : Jurnal Dirasat Islamiyah 11, no. 2 (2024): 271–91. https://doi.org/10.37397/amj.v11i2.572.

Fanindy, Muhammad Nanda. “Formulasi Maqasid Syariah Perspektif Jamaluddin Athiyyah.” ISLAMITSCH FAMILIERECHT JOURNAL 1, no. 01 (2020): 23–45. https://doi.org/10.32923/ifj.v1i01.1489.

Gumanti, Retna. “Maqasid Al-Syariah Menurut Jasser Auda (Pendekatan Sistem Dalam Hukum Islam).” Jurnal Al Himayah 2, no. 1 (2018): 97–118.

Halim, Abdul. “Izin Poligami Dalam Bingkai Maqashid Syariah Dan Hukum Progresif.” Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum 8, no. 2 (2020): 93–111. https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v8i2.2216.

Hasan, Hasbi. “Contemporary Issues Facing the Criminalization of Polygamy.” AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 12, no. 2 (2012). https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/ahkam/article/view/960.

Hermanto, Agus. “Islam, Poligami Dan Perlindungan Kaum Perempuan.” Kalam 9, no. 1 (2015): 165–86. https://doi.org/10.24042/klm.v9i1.326.

Hikmah, Nisrina Durratul, dan H. Ahmad Muhasim. “Aspek Maslahah Dalam Praktik Poligami Perspektif Maqasid Al-Syari’ah Dan Regulasi Hukum Keluarga Islam Di Indonesia.” Tasyri’ : Journal of Islamic Law 4, no. 2 (2025): 833–67. https://doi.org/10.53038/tsyr.v4i2.225.

Irawan, Ah Soni. “MaqāShid Al-Sharīah Jasser Auda Sebagai Kajian Alternatif Terhadap Permasalahan Kontemporer.” The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Law and Civil Law 3, no. 1 (2022): 39–55. https://doi.org/10.51675/jaksya.v3i1.192.

Keluarga Sakinah, Direktur Bina KUA dan. Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Kementrian Agama RI, 2018.

Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Keputusan Menteri Agama Republik Indonesia § Pasal 56 ayat 1 (1991).

Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Keputusan Menteri Agama Republik Indonesia § Pasal 57 ayat 1-3 (1991).

Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Keputusan Menteri Agama Republik Indonesia § Pasal 58 (1991).

“Maqashid syariah sebagai paradigma dasar ekonomi islam.” Economic: Journal of Economic and Islamic Law 4, no. 2 (2014): 73–93.

Mawardi, Ahmad Imam. Maqasid Syariah dalam pembaharuan Fiqh Pernikahan di Indonesia. Penerbit Buku Pustaka Radja, 2018.

Miftahuddin, Abdul Hafidz, dan Siti Nafi’ah. “Transformasi Hukum Keluarga Islam Di Indonesia: Analisis Kritis Atas Penerapan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) Dalam Konteks Maqashid Syariah.” JAS MERAH: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ahwal al-Syakhsiyyah 4, no. 1 (2024): 99–109.

Muhaimin. Metode Penelitian Hukum. Mataram University Press, 2020.

Muhibbuthabry, Muhibbuthabry. “Poligami Dan Sanksinya Menurut Perundang-Undangan Negara-Negara Modern.” AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 16, no. 1 (2016). https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/ahkam/article/view/2891.

Nasih, Ahmad Munjin. “Pergeseran pola maqasid al-shari‘ah dari tradisional menuju modern: membaca pemikiran Jasser Auda.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 11, no. 1 (2011): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v11i1.1-20.

Pertiwi, Tanza Dona, dan Sri Herianingrum. “Menggali Konsep Maqashid Syariah: Perspektif Pemikiran Tokoh Islam.” Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam 10, no. 1 (2024): 807–20. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v10i1.12386.

Purnomo, dan Moch Azis Qoharuddin. “Maqashid Nikah Menurut Imam Al Ghazali Dalam Kitab Ihya Ulumuddin.” El-Faqih : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 1 (2021): 108–25. https://doi.org/10.29062/faqih.v7i1.275.

Purwati, Ani. Metode Penelitian Hukum. CV. Jakad Media Publishing, 2020.

Qodir, Zuly, Haedar Nashir, dan Robert W. Hefner. “Muhammadiyah Making Indonesia’s Islamic Moderation Based on Maqāṣid Sharī`ah.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 23, no. 1 (2023): 77–92. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v23i1.77-92.

Rafianti, Fitri. “Pemberian Izin Poligami Oleh Pengadilan Agama Di Indonesia.” DE LEGA LATA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 4, no. 1 (2019): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.30596/dll.v4i1.3167.

Rohman, Holilur. Maqasid Hukum Perkawinan Islam. Magnum Pustaka Utama, 2022.

Rohman, Muhammad Fadlil, Sri Lumatus Sa’adah, dan Abdul Wahab. “Women’s Rights in Marriage Perspective Maqasid Al-Usrah Jamaludin Athiyah.” Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE) 7, no. 2 (2024): 2768–90. https://doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v7i2.4878.

Siddiq Armia, Muhammad. Penentuan Metode dan Pendekatan Penelitian Hukum. Lembaga Kajian Institusi Indonesia, 2022.

Surahman, Cucu. “Poligami menurut Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd: studi atas pengaruh pemikiran tafsir terhadap penetapan hukum.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 17, no. 2 (2017): 155–74. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v17i2.155-174.

Syahrial, Faisar Ananda Arfa & Muhammad. “Hermeneutika Muhammad Shahrūr Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Istinbāṭ Al-Aḥkām Dalam Persoalan Wanita.” AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 13, no. 1 (2013). https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/ahkam/article/view/956.

Syihab, Muhammad Baiquni. “Telaah Kritis Pemikiran Jasser Auda Dalam Buku ‘Maqasid Al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach.’” AN NUR: Jurnal Studi Islam 15, no. 1 (2023): 114–36. https://doi.org/10.37252/annur.v15i1.455.

Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia § Pasal 3 ayat (2) (1974).

Wibowo, Safrudin Edi, dan Fathiyaturrahmah Fathiyaturrahmah. “Women and the Transmission of the Quran: Marginalization, Legal Strategies, and Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah-Based Resolution.” AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 25, no. 1 (2025): 19–36.

Wijayanti, Dewi Anggraeni. “Pernikahan Poligami Tanpa Izin Pengadilan Agama dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kehidupan Rumah Tangga.” Al-Hukkam: Journal of Islamic Family Law 1, no. 1 (2021): 53–66. https://doi.org/10.28918/al-hukkam.v1i1.253.

Zuhdi, Muhammad Harfin, dan Mohamad Abdun Nasir. “Al-Mashlahah and Reinterpretation of Islamic Law in Contemporary Context.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 8, no. 3 (2024): 1818–39. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i3.24918.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24260/al-maslahah.v20i2.2861